CLASS 6 · LEARNING KNOWLEDGE

Particle model of substances – basic principles

How it works

The particle model describes substances as collections of the smallest particles (atoms, molecules) that move and arrange themselves differently depending on the state of matter. In the solid state, the particles are close together and vibrate at fixed positions. In the liquid state, they are more mobile, but still connected. In the gaseous state, they move freely and with a large distance between them. The model explains many properties of substances, such as shape, volume, and behavior during temperature changes.

Note
Properties of substances and changes of state can be explained by the behavior and arrangement of the particles in the particle model.

An example

What behavior do the particles of a substance show in the solid state according to the particle model?

In the solid state, the particles are tightly packed and only vibrate at their fixed positions. They cannot move freely, which explains the fixed shape.

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Own explanation and own practice exercises by AmyMath. Subject reference framework: Chemistry. The topic assignment may vary by federal state.