Semiconductors and simple electronics – basics
How it works
Semiconductors are substances whose electrical conductivity lies between that of conductors (e.g. metals) and non-conductors (insulators). Typical semiconductors are silicon and germanium. The conductivity of semiconductors can be influenced by temperature, light, or targeted impurities (doping). In electronics, semiconductor components such as diodes and transistors are used. A diode allows current to flow in only one direction, and a transistor can serve as a switch or amplifier. The functioning of these components is based on the special properties of pn junctions and the targeted control of charge carriers.
Semiconductors conduct electricity better than insulators, but worse than metals. Their conductivity can be changed in a targeted way. Electronic components such as diodes and transistors use semiconductor properties to control or amplify current flow.
An example
Which material is most commonly used for semiconductor components?
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50 Exercises
To the learning unit →Own explanation and own practice exercises by AmyMath. Subject reference framework: Physics. The topic assignment may vary by federal state.